What is GLP-1? A simple guide
What GLP-1 means, what the hormone does and how it relates to weight care.
GLP-1 is a hormone your body makes that helps regulate blood sugar and appetite. Its full name is glucagon-like peptide-1.
You may also hear people use “GLP-1” to mean a group of prescription medicines. The hormone and the medicines are related, but they are not the same thing.
What does the hormone do?
GLP-1 helps your body release insulin when blood sugar rises. It also influences appetite and food intake, and can slow how quickly food leaves the stomach.
Why do people talk about it in weight care?
Some prescription medicines act on the GLP-1 receptor. Depending on the specific product, they may be used for type 2 diabetes, weight management or other approved indications.
They are one possible part of care alongside nutrition, activity and support with everyday habits. They are not suitable for everyone, and a prescription for one purpose does not make a product appropriate for every other purpose.
What should you know before considering treatment?
Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and constipation. There are also less common but potentially serious risks. A clinician should review your health history, other medicines and pregnancy plans before discussing suitability.
Where do you start?
Start with the health concern or goal you want help with. A consultation can cover your options, the potential benefits and risks, cost and follow-up. You do not need to choose a medicine first.
What to expect at a first consultation.
Sources: NIDDK: how GLP-1 works; NIDDK's guide to prescription weight-management medicines.